2007北京太奇培训学校考研英语强化班授课讲义(四)
2007北京太奇培训学校考研英语强化班授课讲义(四)
2007 –KY–4 内部资料 翻印必究
I. Use of English (Cloze)
Business and government leaders also consider the inflation rate to be an important general indicator. Inflation is a period of increased___1___that causes rapid rises in prices. When your money buys___2___goods so that you get less for the same amount of money___3___before, inflation is the problem. There is a general rise___4___the price of goods and services. Your money buys less. Sometimes people___5___inflation as a time when “a dollar is not worth a dollar any more.”
Inflation is a problem for all consumers. People who live on a fixed income are___6___the most. Retired people, for instance, cannot___7___on an increase in income as prices rise. Elderly people who don’t work face serious problems in stretching their incomes to___8___their needs in time of inflation.___9___income or any fixed income usually does not rise as fast as prices. Many retired people must cut their spending to___10___rising prices. In many___11___they must stop buying some necessary items, such as food and clothing.
Even for working people whose incomes are going up, inflation can be a problem___12___the cost of living rises, too. People who work must have even more money to___13___their standard of living. Just buying the things they need___14 more. When incomes do not keep pace with rising prices, the standard of living goes down. People may be earning the same 15___of money, but they are not living as well because they are not able to buy___16___many goods and services.
Government units___17___information about prices in our economy and publish it as price indexes from which the rate of change can be determined. A price index___18___changes in prices using the price for a given year as the base. The base price is set___19___100, and the other prices are___20___as a percentage of the base price. (321 words)
1. A. demanding B. spending C. consuming D. borrowing
2. A. a few B. more C. fewer D. a little
3. A. than B. like C. since D. as
4. A. in B. for C. at D. to
5. A. render B. depict C. describe D. assume
6. A. hurt B. undermined C. damaged D. spoiled
7. A. depend B. rest C. rely D. count
8. A. acquire B. obtain C. meet D. suit
9. A. Government B. Development C. Retirement D. Employment
10. A. put up with B. keep up with C. fall in with D. get on with
11. A. occasions B. cases C. positions D. situations
12. A. although B. if C. when D. because
13. A. keep up B. keep to C. reckon on D. reckon with
14. A. spends B. costs C. consumes D. wastes
15. A. number B. portion C. amount D. sum
16. A. so B. too C. that D. as
17. A. accept B. attain C. utilize D. gather
18. A. measures B. estimates C. assesses D. evaluates
19. A. against B. at C. by D. on
20. A. reported B. designated C. decided D. publicized
II. 选择搭配题
Directions：
The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 41—45, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A—E to fill in each numbered box. The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
[A] “I just don’t know how to motivate them to do a better job. We’re in a budget crunch and I have absolutely no financial rewards at my disposal. In fact, we’ll probably have to lay some people off in the near future. It’s hard for me to make the job interesting and challenging because it isn’t — it’s boring, routine paperwork, and there isn’t much you can do about it.
[B] “Finally, I can’t say to them that their promotions will hinge on the excellence of their paperwork. First of all, they know it’s not true. If their performance is adequate, most are more likely to get promoted just by staying on the force a certain number of years than for some specific outstanding act. Second, they were trained to do the job they do out in the streets, not to fill out forms. All through their career it is the arrests and interventions that get noticed.
[C] “I’ve got a real problem with my officers. They come on the force as young, inexperienced men, and we send them out on the street, either in cars or on a beat. They seem to like the contact they have with the public, the action involved in crime prevention, and the apprehension of criminals. They also like helping people out at fires, accidents, and other emergencies．
[D] “Some people have suggested a number of things like using conviction records as a performance criterion. However, we know that’s not fair — too many other things are involved. Bad paperwork increases the chance that you lose in court, but good paperwork doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll win. We tried setting up team competitions based on the excellence of the reports, but the guys caught on to that pretty quickly. No one was getting any type of reward for winning the competition, and they figured why should they labor when there was no payoff.
[E] “The problem occurs when they get back to the station. They hate to do the paperwork, and because they dislike it, the job is frequently put off or done inadequately. This lack of attention hurts us later on when we get to court. We need clear, factual reports. They must be highly detailed and unambiguous. As soon as one part of a report is shown to be inadequate or incorrect, the rest of the report is suspect. Poor reporting probably causes us to lose more cases than any other factor.
[F] “So I just don’t know what to do. I’ve been groping in the dark in a number of years. And I hope that this seminar will shed some light on this problem of mine and help me out in my future work.”
[G] A large metropolitan city government was putting on a number of seminars for administrators, managers and/or executives of various departments throughout the city. At one of these sessions the topic to be discussed was motivation — how we can get public servants motivated to do a good job. The difficulty of a police captain became the central focus of the discussion.
Order:
G |
| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
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| F |
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课外作业（课上不讲，下次课提供答案）
Directions:
The following paragraphs are given in a wrong order. For Questions 1-5, you are required to reorganize these paragraphs into a coherent article by choosing from the list A-E to fill in each numbered box. The first and the last paragraphs have been placed for you in Boxes. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)
[A] These silent, zero-emission gadgets have long been used in NASA spacecraft. They represent the great hope of many environmentalists to power the first mass-produced electric car.
[B] Whether they are used to run cars and buses or to make electricity for other applications, fuel cells operate by converting hydrogen to electricity without combustion. They are akin to continuously-recharging batteries. Hydrogen and oxygen are fed into a stack of plates that create electricity, with harmless water vapor as the by-product.
[C] While batteries alone haven’t supplied the performance most drivers want, proponents believe that fuel cells, probably combined with batteries, hold the promise of performance, range and better mileage compared with today’s internal combustion engines.
[D] If they work, methanol fuel cells could be a major breakthrough in energy consumption and conservation. The brave new technology could drastically cut air pollution from auto emissions and other sources.
[E] The size and weight of fuel cells have always been problems. New fuel-cell technology promises to solve those issues.
[F] Fuel cells can use various sources of hydrogen, including a simple tank of compressed gas. But methanol, a liquid usually produced from natural gas, is a much more efficient way to store hydrogen. This is why the first wave of fuel cells in cars will likely use an indirect methanol fuel cell, in which the methanol passes through a mechanism called a “reformer”, which extracts the hydrogen.
[G] A new, lightweight fuel cell that runs on methanol may one day power your electric car. Sooner still, the new cell may fuel smaller devices such as your lap-top computer or mobile phone.
Order:
G |
| 41. |
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| 42. |
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
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