[Objective] The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the cutting ability of sonic, ultrasonic, reciprocating and hand-use root can
al instruments. [Methods] A model system was developed to facilitate the cutting processes of the different instruments. Bovine bone chips were used as substrate and the depth of the groove achieved by filing was used to measure cutting efficacy. Direct digital computer images were recorded so that the cutting depth could be measured easily and precisely. [Results] Sonic instrument (MM1500 handpiece equipped with Rispisonic files) was the most efficient system. The cutting efficacy of reciprocating handpiece was only 2/5 of that of sonic endo system but still better than ultrasonic or hand-use instrument (ANOVA, p < 0.001). [Conclusion] Sonic endo system may greatly improve the efficiency of endodontic clinic work.